The United Nations mission in Western Sahara, known as MINURSO, ended its operations on November 1 after its mandate expired without renewal. The Security Council failed to agree on the mission’s future following competing US and Russian proposals. A smaller UN team will oversee the withdrawal of personnel and equipment. Established in 1991 to support a ceasefire and prepare a self-determination referendum, MINURSO never saw the vote take place. Morocco welcomed the mandate’s end, while the pro-independence Polisario Front and Algeria criticized the decision.
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