Ukraine Braces for Harsh Winter as Russian Attacks Hit Economy

Ukraine is preparing for a difficult winter as intensified Russian strikes damage infrastructure, disrupt exports, and deepen a growing budget crisis. Officials estimate this year’s infrastructure losses at nearly $10 billion, while attacks and the effective blockade of Black Sea ports could reduce gross domestic product by about 1.5 percentage points. Around $40 billion in export revenue is at risk. Defence spending has exceeded domestic resources, with daily war costs reaching $190 million, leaving Kyiv seeking urgent Western financial support