The article describes allegations that Vladimir Putin directed Kremlin-linked efforts to undermine NATO and the EU “from within.” It points to messaging and strategic documents cited by analysts or officials, arguing the goal is to erode political cohesion, confidence in institutions, and public support for Western policies. The piece may discuss tools used in such campaigns—such as propaganda, cyber activity, political funding, and exploiting divisions among member states—framing these actions as part of a broader hybrid strategy.
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