From Consumer to Competitor: How China Views India’s Photovoltaic Rise

China is increasingly treating India’s photovoltaic boom as a competitive challenge rather than an export-driven opportunity. As India scales domestic solar capacity, Chinese firms face pressure from tariffs, local procurement rules, and efforts by Indian manufacturers to capture market share. The shift is prompting debates inside China about investment, technology partnerships, and whether to focus more on production abroad or maintain dominance through exports. The article frames India’s PV surge as accelerating rivalry across supply chains—cells, modules, and downstream projects—while policy choices determine who benefits most.