On July 8, the General Court of the European Union ruled against Apple in multiple cases brought over its Digital Markets Act obligations. Apple had sought to weaken or exempt parts of the law—especially interoperability requirements—arguing it was unlawful and should not apply. The court said the interoperability provisions don’t determine the gatekeeper designation, only the obligations that follow after designation. It also rejected Apple’s attempt to separate App Stores across devices as distinct services, keeping the DMA framework intact.