On May 25, 2026, during a presentation at the Vatican, Pope Leo XIV delivered a historic apology regarding the participation of the Holy See in the institution of slavery. He recognized the failure of past popes to condemn slavery, calling it a stain on the Church’s history that requires acknowledgment and repentance.

This unprecedented apology is particularly significant as no prior pope had specifically recognized or apologized for the Vatican's role in empowering European rulers through papal bulls to colonize and enslave non-Christians. In his encyclical, Leo mentioned the 15th-century directives that enabled these actions, saying, "For this, in the name of the Church, I sincerely ask for pardon."

Leo XIV, noted for being the first U.S.-born pope, framed his remarks within contemporary issues, linking historic slavery to modern forms of exploitation exacerbated by burgeoning artificial intelligence technologies. He pointed out that approaches to labor in securing minerals for AI chips echo past injustices, making this address particularly relevant for today's discussions surrounding human rights and dignity.

Leo called for a collective reflection on the church's past and highlighted the need to ensure such iniquities are not perpetuated. Scholars and community leaders, particularly from African descent, have long sought acknowledgment from the Church for its actions in the trans-Atlantic slave trade. The pope's statements are seen as a step towards healing and reconciliation.

During his encyclical, he stated: “It is impossible not to feel deep sorrow when contemplating the immense suffering endured by so many in stark contrast to their dignity as people of God.” The apology comes as part of a broader movement within the Church to confront its historical wrongs and commit to a more just future.

The encyclical is being regarded as a necessary part of addressing the ongoing discussions around racial justice and historical accountability within religious institutions, with Pope Leo XIV taking a leading stance in confronting these difficult truths head-on.