A new report and interviews describe a pattern in which African men recruited for work in Russia were later pushed into fighting roles in the war in Ukraine, including direct deployments to high-casualty areas.

One account involves a Somali recruit captured in Ukraine after fighting for Russia. He said he joined to secure a “good future” for his family and was told he would serve in logistics and first aid—not be placed at the “first line.” He said he was dropped there without understanding the language. Similar stories are described from other Africans detained after fighting for Russia, including men from Sierra Leone who said they were recruited through promises of employment and support for large families, only to find themselves enlisted after signing Russian-language paperwork.

The article ties the tactics to Russia’s use of “meat grinder” approaches, including human-wave-style attacks. It says that, faced with the need for large numbers of new recruits, Moscow has increasingly used threats, coercion, and deceptive recruitment funnels involving visas, detention, and forced enlistment options. It also reports that Russia has sought additional manpower by tapping African students and migrants in Russia, as well as some people from prisons.

According to the piece, Russia’s Africa recruitment efforts are linked to multiple countries and involve sign-up incentives and promises of pay and passports. It describes how some recruits are told to choose between being deported or fighting. It also notes that some individuals manage to pay bribes to avoid deployment, but that many are sent into dangerous offensives where casualty rates are reported to be especially high—particularly when less-trained troops are used to protect more experienced units.